@Article{ReisSLFSPPLBP:2022:SoUlRa,
               author = "Reis, Gabriela Godinho dos and Souza, Samuel and Leal Neto, 
                         Helv{\'e}cio Bezerra and Ferreira, Rardiles Branches and Silva, 
                         Rodrigo and Peres, Lucas and Pinheiro, Damaris and Lamy, Kevin and 
                         Bencherif, Hassan and Portafaix, Thierry",
          affiliation = "{Universit{\'e} de La R{\'e}union} and {Universidade Federal do 
                         Oeste do Par{\'a} (UFOPA)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 
                         (INPE)} and {Universidade Federal do Oeste do Par{\'a} (UFOPA)} 
                         and {Universidade Federal do Oeste do Par{\'a} (UFOPA)} and 
                         {Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)} and {Universit{\'e} 
                         de La R{\'e}union} and {Universit{\'e} de La R{\'e}union} and 
                         {Universit{\'e} de La R{\'e}union}",
                title = "Solar Ultraviolet Radiation Temporal Variability Analysis from 
                         2-Year of Continuous Observation in an Amazonian City of Brazil",
              journal = "Atmosphere",
                 year = "2022",
               volume = "13",
               number = "7",
                pages = "e1054",
                month = "July",
             keywords = "Amazon, atmospheric science, Brazil, clear sky, environmental 
                         monitoring, solar ultraviolet radiation, temporal variability.",
             abstract = "Solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is a highly energetic component 
                         of the solar spectrum that needs to be monitored because of the 
                         effects on human health and on the ecosystems. In Brazil, few 
                         cities monitor UVR, especially in the Amazon region which is 
                         particularly poor in observation. This work is the first to 
                         address the short-term (2-year) time variability of UVR in 
                         Santar{\'e}m (2°25\′ S, 54°44\′ W, 51 m) using 
                         ground-based measurements. The irradiance in the wavelength range 
                         of 250400 nm was investigated on different time scales. 
                         Furthermore, to understand how the UVR varies without the 
                         influence of clouds, the hours corresponding to the clear sky 
                         condition were analyzed as well as the hours in all sky 
                         conditions. Regarding the averages, there is a slight variation 
                         over the year. In all sky and clear sky conditions, the dry season 
                         had a higher average than the rainy season, despite the slight 
                         difference. Also, both in all-sky and clear-sky conditions the 
                         maximums occurred around local solar noon, and reached a maximum 
                         of 87 W/m2 in the dry season under the clear sky condition. 
                         Further understanding of the radiative effects of the clouds in 
                         UVR time variability is considered essential for future research. 
                         This study can serve as a reference for UVR levels in this region 
                         where no other ground-based UVR measurements are made.",
                  doi = "10.3390/atmos13071054",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13071054",
                 issn = "2073-4433",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "atmosphere-13-01054-v2.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "02 maio 2024"
}